Neologizing Akan Indigenous Ecological Proverbs and Wise-Sayings for Earth-Keeping Among Akan Christians of Ghana
Keywords:
Akan, earth-keeping, Akan Christians, proverbs wise-sayingsAbstract
All over the world, environmental noxiousness has caused the emission of greenhouse gasses, climate change and diseases that threaten human and non-human survival. Ghana has had her fair share in this global onslaught. Although there have been several political interventions, the recent global environmental performance rankings according to the Environmental Performance Index (EPI) 2022, grades Ghana at 170th out of the 180 nations assessed and 45th out of the 46 nations in the sub-Saharan Africa, scoring only 27.7. That of 2024 appreciated slightly, where Ghana was ranked 145th on the global stage, scoring 36.9 and 29th in sub-Saharan Africa. This pathetic development, formed the basis of this study; which advocates for the need to turn to Indigenous Ecological Knowledge systems (IEKs) for a response. This paper made use of qualitative method. It used interviews as the primary data collection instrument. The secondary data was collected from Akan proverbs derived from oral and written literature. The study affirms that in the past, some Akan axioms were used to prompt the natives about the essence of protecting and conserving nature. This article has neologized eleven new proverbs and wise-sayings that are ecologically ennobled and could be viable to be harnessed for earth-keeping among the Akan of Ghana.
References
Addo, A. E. P. (2021). “African Philosophical Thought and Wise sayings.” Accessed October 18, 2021. http//www.authorsden.com.
Adom, D. (2016). “The Philosophical Epistemologies of Asante Proverbs in Ghana’s Biodiversity Conservation.” Journal of Environment and Earth Science, Vol. 6 (7), 129-136.
Adubofour, B. S. (2001). Akan Cosmology in Contemporary Perspective: A Research Booklet in African Traditional Religion. Kumasi, Ghana: Christian Service University College.
Agyekum, K. (2011). Akan Kasadwini. Accra: Dwumfour Publications, 2011.
____ (2013). “The Pragmatics of “Mouth” Methods in Akan.” 2(1), Ghana Journal of Linguistics.
____ (2019). “Akan Traditional Perspective of Land Care.” in Essays on the Land, Ecotheology and Traditions in Africa, eds., Benjamin Abotchie Ntreh, Mark S. Aidoo and Daniel Nii Aboagye Aryeh, Eugene, Oregon: Resource Publication.
Agyemang, B.C., Asumeng, A. M., & Amponsah, B. (2015). “The Relevance of Ghanaian Akan Proverbs to Explanations of Contemporary Human Resource Principles and Corporate Values.” Journal of Business Research, Vol. 9, 16-27.
Akoto, B. D. (2018). “The Great Commission Actualized through the Work of the Holy Spirit in the Church Universal: African Independent Churches as a Case in Point.” in Rethinking the Great Commission: Emerging African Perspectives, ed. Emmanuel K. Asante and David N. A. Kpobi, Ghana: Missiological Society of Ghana.
Anozie, O. (2017). “Inculturating African Values: A Theological Ethical Study.” in Politics and the Church in Africa, Vol. 1, No. 9, eds., Stephen Oladele Ayankeye et al., Accra, Ghana: SonLife Press.
Antwi, E. K. E, Asumeng, J and Adjei, F. I. (2020). “Understanding Wisdom in the Old Testament through Its Akan (Ghana) Parallels: Linkages and Disconnections.” OTE 33/3, 408-427.
Appiah, P., Appiah, K. A and Agyemang-Duah, I. (n.d). Bu Me bɛ: Akan Proverbs. Cantonments, Accra, Ghana: The Centre for Intellectual Renewal.
Appiah-Sekyere, P and O, J. (2018). “Responding to the Environmental Crisis in Ghana: The Role of Humanist Ethics.” International Journal for Research in Social Science and Humanities, 4(9), 345-355.
Ariarajah, W. S. (1999). Not without My Neighbour: Issues of Interfaith Relations. Geneva: WCC Publications.
Asamoah, G. P., Sanka, C. G. and Amadie K. F. (2019). “An Ecocritical Analysis of Akan Proverbs.” in Death on Trial, By Appiah-Agyei. ERATS, Vol. 5 No.3, 106-117.
Asamoah-Gyadu, K. J. (2005). African Charismatics: Current Developments within Independent Indigenous Pentecostalism in Ghana. Leiden/Boston: Brill.
Awuah-Nyamekye, S. (2009). “Salvaging Nature: The Akan Religio-Cultural Perspective.” Worldviews, 13, Leiden: Koninklijke Brill NV.
Boaheng, I. (2018). “Early Christian Mission in West Africa: Implications for Contemporary Mission.” in Rethinking the Great Commission: Emerging African Perspectives, ed. Emmanuel K. Asante and David N. A. Kpobi, Ghana: Missiological Society of Ghana, 213-214.
Boamah, A D. (2015). “Akan Indigenous Religio-Cultural Beliefs and Environmental Preservation: The Role of Taboos.” An Unpublished Thesis Submitted to the Queen’s University, Canada.
Busia, A. K. (1967). In Search of Challenge Democracy. London: Routledge & Regan Paul.
___ (1955). The African World-View in Christianity and African Culture, S. G Williamson ed. Accra: Christian Council of Gold Coast.
Conteh, S. P. (2014). Essays in African Religion and Christianity. Accra, Ghana: Cynergy Media Ent. 2014.
Darko, A. K. (2021). “Provisional Census Results Peg Ghana’s Population at 30.8m” – Statistical Service https://www.myjoyonline.com/provisional-census-results-peg-ghanas-population-at-30-8m-statistical-service/
Edu-Bekoe, Y. A. (2018). “Scattered Africans keep Gathering: A Case Study of Diaspora Missiology on Ghanaian Migration and Protestant Congregations in the U.S.A.” in Rethinking the Great Commission: Emerging African Perspectives, ed. Emmanuel K. Asante and David N. A. Kpobi, Ghana: Missiological Society of Ghana.
Emerson, A. de Sherbinin, D.C. Etsy, et al. (2020). Environmental Performance Index 2020. New Haven, CT: Yale Center for Environmental Law and Policy.
Fergusson, P. (1983). Dictionary of Proverbs. Penguin Books, London.
Finnegan, R. (1970). Oral Literature in Africa. Oxford at the Clarendon Press.
Gibbs, W. R. Beitel, D. (1995). “What Proverb Understanding Reveals about how People Think.” Psychological Bulletin, 118(1), 133–154), https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.118.1.133. Accessed October 18, 2021.
Iheanacho, U. V. (2021). “The Significance of African Oral Tradition in the Making of African Christianity.” HTS Teologiese Studies/Theological Studies, 77 (2).
Kanu, I. A. (2015). African Philosophy: An Ontologico-existential Hermeneutic Approach to Classical and Contemporary Issues. Nigeria: Augustinian Publications.
___ (2015). A Hermeneutic Approach to African Traditional Religion, Theology and Philosophy. Nigeria: Augustinian Publications.
Kanu, I. A and Ndubisi, E. O. J. (2022). “Proverbs as sources of African Environmental Ethics: Articulating Indigenous Eco-spiritual Wisdoms.” AKU: An African Journal of Contemporary Research, Vol. 3, No. 1, 1-15.
Kaplan, S. M. (2002). “Using Proverbs to Explore Intergenerational Relations across Cultures, in M. Kaplan, N. Henkin and A. Kusano (eds.): Linking lifetimes: A global view of Intergenerational Exchange, Langham, MD: University Press of America.
Kemper, S. (1981). “Interpreting Idioms.” Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 11.
Kim, G. Vaswani, T. R, Kang, W., Nam, M and Lee, D. (2017). “Enhancing Ecoliteracy through Traditional Ecological Knowledge in Proverbs.” Sustainability, (9)1182, 1-16.
Kinnamon, M. and Cope, E. B. eds. (1997). The Ecumenical Movement: An Anthology of Key Texts and Voices. Geneva: WCC Publications.
Liu, W and Liu, W. (2014). “Analysis on the Word-formation of English Netspeak Neologism.” Journal of Arts and Humanities.
Lumanze, M. O. (2021). “The Concept of Earth in the Old Testament and in Africa: Implications to the Contemporary Nigerian Christian.” Journal of Religion and Human Relations, Vol. 13, No. 1.
Madumulla, S. J. (1998/2001). “Proverbs: A Pack of Lies?” UTAFITI, [New Series} Special Issue, Vol. 4, 257-274.
Mbiti, S. J. (1999). African Religion and Philosophy. Nairobi: East African Educational Publishers, reprinted.
Okyere, K. (2011). “Bible, Ecology and Sustainable Development.” Ilorin Journal of Religious Studies (IJOURELS), Vol.1 No.2, 81-96.
Owu-Ewie, C. (2019). “Proverbs in Marriage: Counselling Roles and Implications.” Legon Journal of the Humanities, Vol. 30(1), 24-53.
Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English, 8th ed. (2010). New York: Oxford University Press.
Seebaway, M. Z. (2017). “Examining Dagomba Proverbs as Paradigms for the Ethical, Moral and Spiritual Development of a United and Prosperous Africa.” in Politics and the Church in Africa, Vol. 1, No. 9, eds., Stephen Oladele Ayankeye et al., Accra, Ghana: SonLife Press.
Som, K. E. and Asenso, K. (2020). “Leadership Development: Influence of Christianity on Akan Leadership Formation –A Study of Kwaebibirem.” Journal of Culture, Society and Development, Vol. 57.
Syzdykov, K. (2014). “Constructive Study on Proverbs.” Procedia –Social and Behavioural Sciences, Vol. 136, 316-321.
Twumasi-Ankrah, E. (2023). “Akan Worldview on Human-earth Relations for Environmental Conservation in Ghana.” The International Journal of Humanities and social Studies, Vol. 11, Issue 6, 64-77.
Wendling, A.Z., Wolf, Martin J., Emerson, John W., Esty, Daniel C and A de Sherbinin. (2022). Environmental Performance Index 2022. New Haven, CT: Yale Center for Environmental Law and Policy.
Wiafe-Akenten, N. E. (2015). Sɛdeɛ WƆde Akan Kasa di Dwuma ɛnnɛ Mmerɛ yi, A PhD Thesis, submitted to the Department of Linguistics, University of Ghana, Legon, Accessed on December, 17, 2021 at (http://ugspace.ug.edu.gh).
Williamson, G. S. (1955). Christianity and African Culture. Accra: Christian Council of Gold Coast.
Wolf, Martin J., Emerson, John W., Esty, Daniel C., A de Sherbinin, and Wendling, Zachary A. (2024). 2024 Environmental Performance Index (EPI) Results. New Haven, CT: Yale Center for Environmental Law & Policy. https://epi.yale.edu/downloads/2024epitechnicalappendix20241207.
Yankah, K. (1986). “Proverbs Speaking as a Creative Process: The Akan of Ghana.” Proverbium, 3.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Emmanuel Twumasi-Ankrah, Emmanuel Kojo Ennin Antwi, Frimpong Wiafe

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The Ghana Journal of Linguistics is published by the Linguistics Association of Ghana, P. O. Box LG 61, Legon, Accra, Ghana.
LAG Email: linguisticsgh@gmail.com. Website: http://www.laghana.org
GJL Email: gjl@laghana.org Website: http://www.laghana.org/gjl
© Linguistics Association of Ghana and individual authors, 2023.